ʻAʻole hoʻomaka ka maikaʻi o ka fiber fiber cable ma ka laina extrusion cable. Hoʻomaka ma mua, me ka kemika aniani, ka preform, ka hale kiai kii, ka ʻōnaehana uhi, a me ke aʻo hoʻāʻo ma hope o kēlā me kēia mele o ka fiber.
He mea nui ia no ka mea hiki i nā kaula ʻelua ke kaʻana like i ka inoa ʻano fiber like a ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ke kula. Hoʻokahi splices maʻemaʻe, paʻa haʻahaʻa attenuation, ola i ka hoʻokele FTTH paʻa, a hāʻawi i nā meheu OTDR paʻa. Hoʻokumu nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā hemahema liʻiliʻi i ʻike wale ʻia e nā mea hoʻonohonoho ma hope o ka hoʻolālā ʻana.
Loaʻa pinepine ka ʻokoʻa mai ke kaʻina hana hana fiber optical upstream.
Hōʻike kēia alakaʻi i ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka fiber optical hou mai nā mea maka a hiki i ka fiber hope, and how each manufacturing stage affects the cable that buyers eventually install.
The optical fiber manufacturing process in one chain
| Ke kahua | What happens | Why it matters to the final fiber |
| Raw materials | High-purity silica and dopants are prepared for glass formation | Impurities create attenuation and water-peak risk |
| Preform production | A large glass rod is built with the same optical structure as the final fiber | The preform defines the fiber’s optical DNA |
| Fiber drawing | The preform is heated and pulled into 125µm bare glass fiber | Drawing stability controls diameter, strength and consistency |
| Ka uhi ʻana | UV-cured polymer layers protect the fresh glass | Coating quality affects microbend resistance and handling reliability |
| Quality testing | Opticle, geometric and mechanical properties are measured | Hōʻike nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo inā mākaukau ka fiber no ka hoʻopili ʻana |
| Hoʻohui kelepona | Komo ka pulupulu i ho'āʻo ʻia, paʻa paʻa, hoʻokuʻu i ke kaula a i ʻole nā | Mālama ka hoʻolālā uwea i ka fiber akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kākau hou i kona ʻano i luna |
ʻAʻole kala ʻia ke kaulahao. Hiki i kahi hale hana uwea ke hoʻohui i nā mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kaula aramid, pale wai a pale kaua paha, akā, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke wehe i ka haumia mai ke aniani a hoʻoponopono i kahi ʻōlelo kuhikuhi refractive maikaʻi ʻole ma hope o ka huki ʻana o ka fiber..
Raw materials: lilo ka maemae i attenuation
Hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o ka fiber optical me nā precursors kemika maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. Silicon tetrachloride (SiCl₄) hana i ke kumu silica. Germanium tetrachloride (ʻO GeCl₄) hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka helu refractive ma ke kumu. Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā dopants i loko o ka fluorine i ka index refractive ma nā wahi aniani i koho ʻia.
ʻAʻole wale ka hana ʻana i ke aniani aniani ka pahuhopu. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka hana ʻana i ke aniani e lawe ana i ka mālamalama ma nā mamao lōʻihi me ka nalowale ʻana.
He mea nui ka hoʻohaumia liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili nā metala hoʻololi i ka māmā. Nā hui hydroxyl (OH⁻) hana i ka absorption a puni ka 1383nm water peak. Ka hoʻomalu wai, ka maʻemaʻe mua a me ka hoʻopaʻi dehydration no laila e hoʻoikaika i ka attenuation ma mua o ka lilo ʻana o ka preform i fiber..
No ka mea kuai uwea, ʻO kēia kemika o luna e wehewehe i kahi āpau kumu kūʻai maʻamau. Hiki i ʻelua mau fiber ke koi i kahi maʻamau maʻamau, akā, hele mai kekahi mai kahi kaʻina aniani i hoʻomalu ʻia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēlā ʻokoʻa ma hope ma ke ʻano he palena attenuation haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka lawe lōʻihi, a i ʻole nā
Preform production: ka DNA optical o ka fiber
ʻO ka fiber optical preform he koʻokoʻo aniani nui me ka pilina kumu-cladding like a me ka hōʻike kuhikuhi refractive e like me ka fiber hope.. I ke kaha kiʻi ʻana, ʻO ka unahi ʻana o kēlā hale a hiki i ka 125µm fiber ʻole. Hoʻololi ka hale kiaʻi i ka nui, ʻaʻole ka hoʻolālā optical.
ʻO ia ke kumu o ka preform ka ʻāpana pale kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kaulahao.
Hoʻoholo a hoʻoikaika nui paha ka preform:
- Hoʻohaʻahaʻa
- Pepeʻi
- Ka lōʻihi nalu ʻoki
- ʻO ke ʻano-field behavior
- Hiki i ka bandwidth multimode
- ʻO ka concentricity hoʻopaʻa ʻia
- Ka lōʻihi huki a me ke alapine hoʻololi hale kiaʻi
ʻO ka hana preform o kēia wā ʻelua mau hana kaʻawale. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i ke koʻokoʻo, ka mea e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka hana optical. ʻO ka lua o ka overcladding, e kūkulu ana i ke anawaena preform hope loa a pili i ke kumukūʻai hana a me ka geometry.
HEAHA, OVD, ʻIke ʻia ka PCVD a me MCVD i ka ʻoihana, akā, ʻaʻole like lākou. ʻO VAD a me OVD nā ala maʻamau no ka hana maʻamau singlemode. He ikaika ka PCVD i nā kōpili kuhikuhi kuhikuhi refractive paʻakikī e like me nā fibers multimode kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana mau ʻo MCVD i nā hoʻolālā fiber kūikawā kahi i ʻoi aku ka pololei ma mua o ka leo. No ka hoʻohālikelike ʻano-level hohonu, ike Nā Hana Hana Hana Fiber Optic Preform.
No nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻopukapuka laina hou, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka mea hoʻolako. ʻO kahi hui kūʻai wale i ka fiber a me nā kaula i hoʻopau ʻia ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomalu i ka ʻāpana like o ke kaulahao waiwai e like me kahi hui hiki ke kākoʻo i ka hoʻolako preform a me ka hoʻonohonoho hale kiaʻi..
Kiʻi kiʻi: e hoʻohuli ana i ka preform i 125µm fiber
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana kiʻi fiber i ka wā e hoʻouka ai nā ʻenehana i ka preform i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kahi hale kiaʻi kikoʻī. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kahi umu wela kiʻekiʻe i ka piko preform, a huki ʻia ke aniani hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i lalo i ke kaula fiber mau. ʻO 125µm ke anawaena o ke aniani aniani maʻamau.
ʻO ke kaha kiʻi kahi i lilo ai ka preform paʻa i fiber paʻa a i ʻole ka holo lōʻihi o ka pilikia huna. Ka wela o ka umu ahi, huki wikiwiki, haʻalulu, ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu a me ke anawaena pūnaewele e hoʻomalu i nā mea āpau. Inā holo ka hana, ʻokoʻa anawaena, nā hemahema o ka ʻili a me ka paʻa ʻole o ka uhi ʻana.
Ka uhi ʻana a me ka pale microbend
He ikaika ka aniani hukihuki hou i ke kumumanao a palupalu i ka honua maoli. Ma mua o ka pā ʻana i kekahi ʻili alakaʻi, hele ka fiber i loko o ka uhi make a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻōla UV. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻelua papa.
ʻOi aku ka palupalu o ka uhi mua. Hoʻopili ia i ke aniani a hoʻopaʻa i ke koʻikoʻi microbending. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka uhi lua. Mālama ia i ka fiber i ka wā e lawelawe ana, uwea a hoʻokomo.
Hoʻohana pinepine nā fiber kuʻuna i kahi anawaena i uhi ʻia he 250µm. Hiki i nā hoʻolālā uwea kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohana i nā fiber 200µm e hoʻokomo i nā helu fiber hou aku i ka liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa kekahi. Hiki i ka fiber 200µm ke kākoʻo i nā hoʻolālā kelepona paʻa, akā, haʻalele ia i ka palena mechanical no ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka uhi ʻino a i ʻole ka hana ʻino. Hāʻawi ka fiber 250µm i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ka lawelawe ʻana, ʻoiai ke kumu kūʻai nei ia i ke keʻena ma nā hale kiʻekiʻe.
| ʻO ke koho pani | Kūpono maikaʻi loa | Pilikia mea kūʻai |
| 250µm pulu i uhi ʻia | Uea kelepona maʻamau, ka hoʻomanawanui ākea | ʻOi aku ka nui o ke anawaena uwea ma nā helu fiber kiʻekiʻe |
| 200µm pulu i uhi ʻia | uwea kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā hoʻolālā palena ākea | Pono ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke kaula |
| Bend-insensitive fiber me ka ʻōnaehana uhi | FTTH, alahele i loko, piko pili | E hōʻoia i ka ʻikepili pio-nalo, ʻaʻole wale ka inoa ʻano fiber |
E noi i ke anawaena uhi, uhi concentricity, hoʻoponopono hoʻomalu a me ka hana wehe ʻana. E nīnau pū inā ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻano fiber like i ka hale uwea āu e manaʻo nei e kūʻai. Hiki ke pilikia i ka fiber i ho'āʻo wale ʻia inā hoʻoulu ka hoʻolālā uwea i ka microbending.
Nā ʻano hoʻāʻo maikaʻi a me nā hana hana
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana kahi i lilo ai nā koi mea hoʻolako i mea hōʻike. ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo wale ka mea hāʻawi fiber hilinaʻi i ka fiber me G.652.D, G.657 a i ʻole nā
| Mea ho'āʻo | ʻO ka mea e hōʻike ai | Nīnau hōʻoia mea kūʻai |
| Attenuation ma 1310nm a me 1550nm | Nalo ka lawe ʻana no ka fiber mode single | He aha ka waiwai i ana ʻia e ka pūʻulu, ʻaʻole wale ka palena? |
| Puke wai / 1383nm poho | ʻO ka hoʻohaumia ʻana a me ka maikaʻi dehydration | Ua hōʻoia ʻia ka hana haʻahaʻa-wai-peak no kēia ʻāpana? |
| Geometry: anawaena pale, pōʻai ʻole, concentricity kumu | Hoʻopili, hoʻohui a me ka paʻa | Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻike geometry no ke kaula huki? |
| Anawaena kahua mode / lōʻihi hawewe ʻoki | G.652/G.657 hoʻolālā hoʻokō | ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau a me ke ʻano hoʻāʻo e pili ana? |
| Hoʻāʻo pio pio | ʻO ka FTTH a me ka hilinaʻi paʻa | He aha ke poho i ana ʻia ma ka radius piko i kuhikuhi ʻia? |
| Hōʻike hōʻike | ʻO ka kānana mīkini no nā wahi nāwaliwali | He aha ka pae hōʻoia i hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana? |
| ʻO ke anawaena o ka uhi ʻana a me ka ikaika kaʻe | ʻO ka hana kelepona a me ka hoʻopau ʻana | Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia uhi me kā mākou kaʻina hana kelepona? |
| Hōʻike hōʻike OTDR a i ʻole reel | Ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka pae Reel a me ka ʻike hanana | Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā palapala reel-by-reel? |
No ka G.652.D singlemode, ke hōʻike nei ka ʻaoʻao i kēia manawa i nā hiʻohiʻona attenuation o ≤0.33 dB/km ma 1310nm a me ≤0.19 dB/km ma 1550nm. No G.657 ka pulupulu ku'o'ole, ʻōlelo ia i nā hoʻokolohua macrobending ma 5mm a i ʻole 7.5mm radii. He mau wahi kuhikuhi pono keia, akā e hoʻolaha iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mau pahuhopu pili maʻamau inā hiki i kāu hui ke hōʻoia i ka maʻamau pololei, ʻano hoʻāʻo a me ka laulā.
ʻO ke kuleana o Fibconet i ke kaulahao hana
Hoʻohana ʻo Fibconet i nā mea kūʻai ʻaoʻao kelepona a me nā papahana hana i luna mai nā kihi like ʻole.
Ma ka aoao uwea, Hāʻawi ʻo Fibconet i nā huahana fiber optic cable no FTTH, nā noi pūnaewele i loko a me waho. Ma ka ʻaoʻao i luna, Hōʻike ka ʻaoʻao mea hana preform o Fibconet i nā preforms fiber optical, kiʻi i nā hale kiaʻi a me ke kākoʻo no nā laina hana fiber piha.
ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo e hoʻohana kēlā me kēia papahana i ke ʻano hoʻolako like. ʻAno hana mua, kaha kaha kiʻi, ʻO ka coimeter, Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka maʻamau fiber target a me nā koi hoʻāʻo e ka papahana. Akā ʻo ia ka manaʻo hiki iā Fibconet ke kūkākūkā i ka maikaʻi o ka fiber optical ma mua o ke kahua kelepona, he mea waiwai no na mea hana, nā mea hoʻopukapuka mea kanu hou a me nā mea kūʻai aku i makemake i nā mea ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kelepona.
Inā pili kāu papahana i ka hana fiber upstream a i ʻole kahi laina huki hou, hoʻomaka me Hoʻolako ʻia ʻo Optical Fiber Preform Equipment Factory Supply. Inā kālele kāu papahana i ke kūʻai uwea, e hoʻomau me Fibconet ʻO ka mea hana uila Ottic Ottic ʻaoʻao.
Ka hopena
ʻO ke kaʻina hana fiber optical he kaulahao, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi mīkini. Lilo ka maʻemaʻe o nā mea maka i ka attenuation. Lilo ka maikaʻi preform i ka hana optical. Lilo ka paʻa kiʻi kiʻi ʻana i ke ʻano a me ka mechanical consistency. Lilo ka uhi i ka pale microbend. ʻO ka ho'āʻoʻana e lilo i mea hōʻike no ka mea kūʻai.
Hoʻomaka lōʻihi ka maikaʻi o ke kelepona ma mua o ka hana ʻana o ke kaula.
ʻO ia ke kumu nui e pono ai ka ʻike hana ʻoihana upstream. Ke hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ke kaʻina hana mai preform a hiki i ka fiber hope, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i nā mea hoʻolako me ke akamai, wehewehe ʻokoʻa kumu kūʻai, a koho i ke kaula fiber optic me ka liʻiliʻi o nā pilikia huna.
